• Stainless Steel Alloys
  
• Carbon Steel Alloys
  
• Nickel Alloys
  
• Copper Alloys
  
• Reactive and Refractory Metal Alloys
  
• Other Alloys
  
• Principal Stainless Steel Tubing Products
  
• Principal Nickel Alloy Tubing Products
  
• Alloy Tubing by Request
  

STAINLESS STEEL ALLOYS

303Se

• An 18% Cr-9% Ni nonhardenable alloy containing selenium and extra amounts of sulfur and phosphorus.
• Most readily machinable of all austenitic grades.
• Properties close to those of Type 304, elongation somewhat lower.
• Nonmagnetic in annealed condition.
• Weldable by resistance methods, fusion welding not recommended. Resistant to scaling up to 1650°F.
• For use where a free cutting material is required; offers high resistance to corrosion; assures good end product surface.
• Typical applications: bushings, casters, shafts, rivots, valve and pump parts.

304 304L

• An 18% Cr-10%, Ni low-carbon, corrosion and heat-resistant steel.
• Nonmagnetic in the annealed temper.
• Subject to damaging carbide precipitation in 900°F to 1600°F range.
• Scale resistant in continuous service to 1650°F, for intermittent service to 1450°F.
• Fully corrosion resistant in completely annealed condition.
• Excellent mechanical properties as low as -300°F.
• Type 304L has exceptionally good welding and fabrication properties and can be used instead of stabilized grades.
• Extensively used for surgical instruments, food processing equipment, beverage coils, and textile machinery.
• Other uses include miniature bearings, camera parts, capacitor covers, ignition harness components, heat exchangers, aircraft hydraulic lines.

305

• A high-nickel variant of 18-8.
• Behaves much the same as Type 304 in corrosion resistance, carbide precipitation, and scale resistance.
• Low magnetic permeability (1.005 max.) even when mildly cold worked.
• Low work-hardening rate for severe forming.
• For applications where severe forming is involved.
• Used for electrical instruments, cathode ray tube anodes, and grid cups.

309S

• Primarily a heat-resistant alloy containing 25% Cr-12% Ni.
• Good scaling resistance in continuous service to 2000°F, intermittent service to 1800°F.
• Subject to carbide precipitation in range of 900-1600°F.
• Corrosion resistance similar to, but better than, that of Type 304.
• Very good creep strength and weldability.
• Too tough for extensive machining.
• Used extensively for sheath tubes on electric heating elements.
• Also for heat exchanger and condenser tubing, aircraft heater parts, and fire detection equipment elements.

310S

• This is a heat-resistant alloy containing 25% Cr-20% Ni.
• Mechanical and corrosion resistant properties rather similar to, but better than, those of Type 304.
• Good for continuous service to 210°F-intermittent to 1900°F.
• Nonmagnetic at room temperature in annealed condition.
• Excellent weldability.
• Industrial furnace parts, jet engine afterburners, thermocouple protection parts, fuel lines, special conduit lines.

316, 316L

• A 17% Cr-13% Ni-2 1/2% Mo alloy that offers the best corrosion resistance of the standard austenitic grades, especially to H2SO3 compounds.
• Highest creep strength of the 300 Series.
• Scale resistance is 1650°F max. for continuous service and 1500°F for intermittent.
• Type 316L is a low-carbon variant and can be welded and heated in the range 900-1600°F without damage to corrosion resistance.
• Excellent resistance to dyes, pharmaceuticals and process liquors.
• Used also for Bourdon springs and other instrument parts subject to severe corrosion.

317

• A higher molybdenum and chromium bearing austenitic stainless steel than Type 316.
• Optimum corrosion resistance.
• More resistant to intergranular attack than Type 316.
• Preferred where light gage material is to be welded.
• Suitable for applications requiring resistance to sulfuric acid concentrations up to 5% at temperatures to 120°F.
• Also where condensation of sulfur bearing gases occurs.

321

• Type 321 is an 18% Cr-10% Ni titanium stabilized alloy
• Designed to overcome susceptibility to carbide precipitation and resultant intergranular corrosion.
• Can be welded without subsequent annealing.
• Nonmagnetic in the annealed condition.
• Hardenable only by cold working.
• Approximate Type 304 in corrosion resistance.
• Resist scaling up to 1600°F in continuous service, 1450°F in intermittent.
• Types 321 and 347 have higher creep resistance than 304 (347 better at higher temperatures).
• Type 347 is very fine grained, limiting workability.
• Aircraft hydraulic lines, exhaust collector rings, fuel lines, industrial and chemical instrument parts, capillary tubing.

347

• Type 347 is an 18% Cr-11% Ni columbium stabilized alloy
• Designed to overcome susceptibility to carbide precipitation and resultant intergranular corrosion.
• Can be welded without subsequent annealing.
• Nonmagnetic in the annealed condition.
• Hardenable only by cold working
• Approximate Type 304 in corrosion resistance.
• Resist scaling up to 1600°F in continuous service, 1450°F in intermittent.
• Types 321 and 347 have higher creep resistance than 304 (347 better at higher temperatures).
• Type 347 is very fine grained, limiting workability.
• Type 348 offers low-neutron cross section properties.
• Type 347-Guided missile and rocket components, fire control equipment, pump and valve parts.
• Type 348-Atomic energy applications where material either contains radioactive substance or is exposed to it.

348

• Type 348 is an 18% Cr-11% Ni columbium tantalum stabilized alloy
• Designed to overcome susceptibility to carbide precipitation and resultant intergranular corrosion.
• Can be welded without subsequent annealing.
• Nonmagnetic in the annealed condition
• Hardenable only by cold working.
• Approximate Type 304 in corrosion resistance.
• Resist scaling up to 1600°F in continuous service, 1450°F in intermittent.
• Type 348 offers low-neutron cross section properties.
• Type 348-Atomic energy applications where material either contains radioactive substance or is exposed to it.

21Cr-6Ni-9Mn

• A modified 200 series austenitic stainless, available only in welded grade.
• Developed for good corrosion resistance and high strength.
• High mechanical properties achieved as result of cold working only, as are the 300 series.
• Excellent tensile and impact properties in the annealed condition as low as -423°F.
• Approximately 50% of the nickel content of 300 series stainless steels have been replaced by the increased manganese content.
• Having almost twice the strength-to-weight ratio of 304, largest usage today is for aircraft hydraulic lines.

408

• 403 is similar to Type 410
• Except that it includes small additions of Ni and Mo and can be hardened to Rockwell C36-40 by quenching or air cooling from 1750-1850oF. Not subject to carbide precipitation, but low in impact properties at low temperatures.
• Air hardening, they present some difficulty in welding.
• Widely used wherever good spring properties are needed.
• Excellent for Bourdon springs, medical instruments, and turbine parts.

410

• Type 410 is a basic hardenable alloy containing 12% Cr,
• Magnetic in all conditions and can be hardened to Rockwell C36-40 by quenching or air cooling from 1750-1850°F.
• Not subject to carbide precipitation, but low in impact properties at low temperatures.
• Air hardening, they present some difficulty in welding.
• Type 410 is least expensive stainless steel.
• Widely used wherever good spring properties are needed.
• Excellent for Bourdon springs, medical instruments, and turbine parts.

405

• Ferritic steel not subject to appreciable hardening through air cooling from high temperatures.
• This tendency retards the information of hardening cracks caused by welding.
• Practically the same corrosion and oxidation resistance as Type 410.
• Can be machined, drawn, spun and formed without difficulty.
• Used for applications where hardening upon cooling from high temperatures must be avoided.

416e

• A hardenable, straight chromium, low carbon (.15% max.) stainless steel containing either selenium or sulfur to provide free machining properties.
• Better machining properties than the austenitic 303 types, but lower corrosion resistance.
• Developed especially for automatic screw machine work.
• Facilitates grinding, and is nonseizing.

430

• Type 430 is a straight 17% Cr alloy with corrosion and heat-resistant properties superior to those of Types 410 and 420.
• It is magnetic in all tempers and nonhardenable.
• The welded material is similar, but has titanium added (.60% max.) to eliminate coarse grain welds of low ductility.
• Mechanical properties resemble those of low-carbon steel, machines better than austenitic grades.
• Widely used where corrosion resistance to the atmosphere, fresh water, and foodstuffs is required. Examples: dairy machinery, electric appliances, oil burners, and chemical equipment.

430Ti

• Type 430 is a straight 17% Cr alloy with corrosion and heat-resistant properties superior to those of Types 410 and 420.
• It is magnetic in all tempers and nonhardenable.
• The welded material is similar, but has titanium added (.60% max.) to eliminate coarse grain welds of low ductility.
• Mechanical properties resemble those of low-carbon steel.
• Machines better than austenitic grades.
• Widely used where corrosion resistance to the atmosphere, fresh water, and foodstuffs is required. Examples: dairy machinery, electric appliances, oil burners, and chemical equipment.

446

• 27% Cr-has the highest heat resistance of all ferritic stainless steels.
• A nitrogen additive is used to prevent embrittlement through the 1200-1800°F range and also to help control grain size.
• Resists scaling in continuous service to 1900-2100°F.
• Excellent corrosion resistance to nitric acid, concentrated sulfuric acid, and most alkalies.
• Shows good resistance to sulfurous atmospheres at high temperatures.
• Used where tubing is subjected to heat in oil and gas furnaces, for muffle tubes, fuel lines, steam boilers, chemical equipment, fire detection equipment, and for capillary tubing.

ALLOY 26-1

• A unique 26% Cr-1% Mo ferritic stainless steel.
• Available in WELDRAWN grade only at present.
• Extremely clean alloy with very low carbon, nitrogen and other impurities.
• Alloy is nickel-free, offering economic advantages as alternate for many applications where nickel-bearing stainless grades are specified.
• Excellent formability and corrosion resistance should make it desirable material for applications in the chemical, petrochemical, food processing, pulp and paper fields.

N-55

• An iron base alloy with excellent oxidation resistance, good ductility.
• Can be spun, rolled flanged and dished cold.
• Can be machined, welded and brazed.
• Has good resistance to corrosion in certain media under both oxidizing and reducing conditions.
• Recommended for use in applications involving high stresses at temperatures to 1500°F and moderate stresses up to 2000°F.

17-7 pH

• A chromium-nickel stainless steel containing approximately 1% aluminum that can be hardened by a low-temperature precipitation hardening treatment.
• Offers easy hardening, high strength, corrosion resistance comparable to Types 302 and 304, and high fatigue strength.
• Can be welded by metal arc, gas-shielded arc and resistance welding methods.
• Used extensively in aircraft and missiles as well as for valve and pump parts.

16-6 pH

• Precipitation hardening alloy considered being a favorable replacement for Almar 362.
• It is comparatively higher in chromium, carbon and nickel.
• Its properties are similar to 17-7PH, except that it is available in seamless form for heavier wall applications.
• Mechanical properties in both the annealed and age hardened conditions are higher than Almar 362, and can be increased significantly by cold working prior to aging.
• Outstanding characteristics: high strength, ductility, fabricability and exceptional corrosion resistance in various environments.
• General corrosion resistance and strength appear better than 410 and 430, and similar to, or better than 304 and the 300 series of stainless steels.
• Used where tubing with high strength and good corrosion resistance is needed.
• Immediate applications: instrumentation, high strength meat injection needles, gun drill shanks.

A-286

• Precipitation hardening alloy.
• Good strength to 1200°F.
• Good oxidation resistance for intermittent service up to 1500°F.
• Excellent corrosion resistance up to 1300°F against all atmospheres encountered in jet engine and turbo supercharger applications.
• Reasonably good resistance to salt spray corrosion.
• Used in rocket and jet engine applications where high combustive temperatures are encountered, and also for handling super-cooled fuels such as liquid oxygen.
• Also gas turbine fuel lines and aircraft mechanical and hydraulic tubing.

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CARBON STEEL ALLOYS

1010

• Low carbon range: .08/.13%
• Good bending and flaring qualities, usually aluminum killed.
• Good weldability and ductility.
• Relatively poor machinability.
• Used for diesel fuel injection lines; oil, fuel and hydraulic lines; condenser and heat exchanger tubes; heat-transfer tubes; lubrication equipment; shafting and bushings; thermocouple wells; and wide variety of mechanical applications where severe bending or forming required.

1012

• Low carbon range: .10-.15%
• Produced from redraw which has been inside-surface conditioned to eliminate the possibility of ID radial fissures and other defects.
• Welding properties are good.
• Usually supplied in Temper No. 1 (annealed) to permit severe fabrication such as flaring, upsetting, and short-radius bending.
• Used almost exclusively for diesel fuel injection lines.

1015

• Low carbon mechanical steel tubing regularly carried in stock by distributors because of its many applications.
• Carbon range: .10-.20%.
• Welding properties are good with all methods.
• Flaring and bending qualities are good in the annealed condition.
• Used for structural parts in industrial machinery, spacers, bushings, cylinder liners, punches, binder post, pinions, condenser and tuner shafts, magazine tubes in shotguns, pneumatic valves, sewing machines, rifle and pistol barrels.

1018

• Generally supplied in mechanical grade with carbon restricted to .15-.20% and silicon to .10-.30%.
• Machinability is slightly better than the "standard" 1015 material.
• Welding properties are excellent.
• In Temper No. 1 annealed condition, flaring and bending can be performed satisfactorily by normal fabrication techniques.
• Wide variety of mechanical applications similar to those listed for 1015.
• Successfully used where a moderate amount of machining is contemplated, but not requiring free machining grade such as Leaded 1020.

1020

• Carbon range: .15/.25%
• Used where slightly higher mechanical properties are required than can be obtained with 1015.
• In the proper temper, this material has better machinability than 1015.
• May also be used for carburizing purposes.
• Used for record changerposts, chemical-projectile burster tubes, cable connectors, bushings and rollers, gun drill tubes, textile spindles, textile bobbin parts, hubs for ratchet wheel assemblies, and aircraft engine parts.

LEADED 1020

• Excellent machining characteristics.
• Carbon range: .15-25%.
• Lead range: .15-35%.
• The addition of lead makes it possible to cut faster with heavier feeds, reduce wear on the tool, and provide a better finish.
• Interchangeable with 1020.
• Preferred where savings from increased machinability, lower tool wear, and finer finish offset the higher material cost.
• Particularly useful in screw machine operations, where high production requirements are common.

1025

• Where mechanical properties higher than those obtainable with 1020 are required, this material is generally recommended.
• Carbon range: .22-.28%.
• Good welding qualities.
• Used for airframe structural parts, aircraft engine mounts, high-pressure condensers and heat exchangers, piston pins, fire control equipment, wristwatch part, spacers, and housings.

1035

• Carbon range: .32-.38%
• Used where higher mechanical properties are required than with the lower carbon grades.
• Within limits, mechanical properties can be improved over cold-drawn properties by heat treatment or a combination of heat treatment and cold drawing.
• Bearings and sleeves and bushings, fuse tubes, plating tank anodes, valve pushrods, housings, shanks for reamers, tire patching tools, rock drilling equipment.

1045

• Carbon range: .43-.50%
• Used where higher mechanical properties are required than with the lower carbon grades.
• Within limits, mechanical properties can be improved over cold-drawn properties by heat treatment or a combination of heat treatment and cold drawing.
• Bearings and sleeves and bushings, fuse tubes, plating tank anodes, valve pushrods, housings, shanks for reamers, tire patching tools, rock drilling equipment.

1524

• A high strength low alloy containing high manganese.
• Useful for high pressure diesel fuel injection systems.

5% Cr

• A low carbon 5% chromium/.50% molybdenum steel.
• Useful for heat exchanger tubing.

4130

• These low-alloy steels can be hardened by heat treatment.
• In the annealed condition afford good workability.
• Can be furnished with conditioned inside surfaces.
• Frequently used for aircraft structural parts. Also for engine mounts, Bourdon springs, water tubes, high-pressure instrument lines, cable connectors, aircraft studs, bushings, radar antennas and supports, drill shanks, and valve pushrods.

4132

• These low-alloy steels can be hardened by heat treatment.
• In the annealed condition afford good workability.
• Can be furnished with conditioned inside surfaces.
• Frequently used for aircraft structural parts. Also for engine mounts, Bourdon springs, water tubes, high-pressure instrument lines, cable connectors, aircraft studs, bushings, radar antennas and supports, drill shanks, and valve pushrods.

8630

• These low-alloy steels can be hardened by heat treatment.
• In the annealed condition afford good workability.
• Can be furnished with conditioned inside surfaces.
• Frequently used for aircraft structural parts. Also for engine mounts, Bourdon springs, water tubes, high-pressure instrument lines, cable connectors, aircraft studs, bushings, radar antennas and supports, drill shanks, and valve pushrods.

4140

• Carbon range: .38/.43%.
• Otherwise there is little difference between 4140 and 4150.
• However, 4150 is selected when slightly higher mechanical properties are required.
• Golf club shafts, badminton racquet handles, tamping rods, tufting needles, drill-shank tubing, key sockets, electrical connectors, and hand tools are typical applications.

4150

• Carbon range: .48/.55%
• Otherwise there is little difference between 4140 and 4150.
• However, 4150 is selected when slightly higher mechanical properties are required.
• Golf club shafts, badminton racquet handles, tamping rods, tufting needles, drill-shank tubing, key sockets, electrical connectors, and hand tools are typical applications.

4615

• Carbon content is held to .13-.18% for maximum ductility.
• Made from redraw which has been specially conditioned to remove ID fissures and other defects.
• Produced in accordance with current SAE standard for fuel injection tubing.
• Annealed at finish to produce a soft, ductile material. Used almost exclusively for fuel injection tubing.

9260

• Carbon range: .56/.64%
• A high carbon steel containing .75-1.00% manganese and 1.80-2.20% silicon.
• Possesses properties of toughness and fatigue resistance.
• The analysis also points to an economical alloy.

52100

• This low-alloy steel is used when high hardness and resistance to wear and abrasion are required.
• Carbon content: .95-1.10%.
• Proper heat treatment will improve, within limits, the mechanical properties of cold-drawn condition.
• Thread guides, nylon yarn guides, ball-bearing races, nozzles, gear and pinion parts, dental instruments, yarn carrier tubes, extrusion mandrels are among its applications.

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NICKEL ALLOYS

NICKEL 200 ("A" Nickel)

• Combines excellent mechanical properties with corrosion resistance that is generally good and is outstanding under many conditions of exposure.
• Nonhardenable by heat treatment; however strength and hardness may be increased by sold working.
• Scale resistant in sulfur-free atmospheres to 1650°F.
• Magnetic in all tempers and in temperatures to about 400°F.
• Carbon content is .15% max.
• Extensively used in electronics as cathodes in electron tubes and in contact with reducing acids, foods, chemical processing liquors, caustics, rayon, pharmaceuticals and plastics.
• Also used when absolute purity of product must be assured.

NICKEL 201 (Low Carbon Nickel)

• Has practically the same chemical composition as Nickel 200, with one major exception-very low carbon content (.02% max.).
• Excellent corrosion resistance-may be used in oxidizing temperatures to 1650°F.
• Slightly less strength and lower work hardening rate than Nickel 200.
• Recommended where close radius bends and/or severe flanging or spinning is required.
• Also used for thermocouple protection tubing in molten salt bath furnaces.

NICKEL 211("D" Nickel)

• Generally similar in composition to Nickel 200, the most important difference being inclusion of 4.5% manganese to replace a like amount of nickel.
• Resists atmospheric and sulfur attack at elevated temperatures.
• Mechanical strength, both at normal and elevated temperatures, is somewhat greater than that of Nickel 200.
• Used in the same type of applications as Nickel 200 where greater resistance to sulfur oxidation and increased mechanical properties are required.

  NICKEL 270

  • High-purity grades of nickel exceptionally free of nonmetallic inclusions.
  • Offers low base hardness and good ductility.
  • Recrystallization temperatures for cold worked material are appreciably lower than those for Nickel 201.
  • Used extensively wherever an exceptionally clean and extremely pure product is required.
  • Present major application is for passive cathodes in receiving tubes and for structural components in special-purpose vacuum tubes.

MONEL ALLOY 400 (Monel)

• Combines high strength, ductility and excellent resistance to corrosion; is a general-purpose alloy.
• Scale resistant in sulfur-free atmospheres to 1000°F.
• Nonhardenable.
• Magnetically attracted at room temperature, but loses this characteristic at Curie point just above room temperature.
• Used in chemical and processing equipment, pulp and paper machinery, food processing and packaging machinery, petroleum, petrochemical and power-generating apparatus.
• Also in surgical and medical instruments, heating elements, solenoid valves, and marine equipment.

MONEL ALLOY 404

• Provided low magnetic permeability.
• Can be fabricated readily. Retains much of its strength at outgassing temperatures, and low magnetic permeability is not significantly affected by processing and fabrication.
• Well suited for use in pickling systems handling sulfuric acid solution.
• Also for vacuum capacitors and relays, ceramic to metal seals, and envelops for electron tubes.

MONEL ALLOY K-500 ("K" Monel)

• An age-hardenable grade of Monel with the same excellent corrosion resistance, but having greater strength and hardness.
• Can be drawn, formed, upset swaged or otherwise cold worked in the annealed condition.
• Optimum properties can be attained by heat treatment from the fully cold-worked tem Ideal for applications where strength, lightweight, and resistance to corrosion and wear are important factors.
• Widely used for Bourdon springs, torque tubes liquid level controllers, mandrel rods, and sleeves and bushings in pumps and valves handling salt water.

ALLOY 600

• A high nickel-chromium-iron alloy.
• Outstanding in strength, corrosion resistance, and oxidation resistance at elevated temperatures up to 2150°F.
• Can be joined by the usual welding, brazing and soldering processes.
• Extensively used for thermocouple protection tubing, muffle tubes, jet and rocket engine fuel lines, and instruments.
• Also for food processing equipment, dental and surgical instruments, and orthodontic appliances.

INCONEL ALOY 601

• Another of the nickel-iron-chromium alloys for high temperature service, exhibiting good mechanical properties with excellent resistance to thermal fatigue, distortion, and carburization.
• Has exceptional ability to resist oxidation, both cyclic and static.
• Uses include industrial heating, chemical industries, jet and rocket engines, and high temperature instrumentation.

INCONEL ALOY 625

• A nickel-chromium-iron alloy with columbium and molybdenum added. Has high strength, corrosion and heat resistance.
• Shows excellent resistance to oxidation as evidenced by cyclic oxidation tests which indicated total oxide penetrations of only 0.0019 in. after 1000 hr. at 1800°F and 0.0030 in. after 600 hr. at 2000°F.
• With the columbium and molybdenum additions it has excellent stress rupture properties to 1200°F and is not affected by radiation embrittlement.
• The higher hot strength of the alloy results from the solid solution strengthening of the nickel-chromium matrix by the addition of the columbium and molybdenum.
• Characteristics of Inconel Alloy 625 indicate applications in the nuclear and aircraft fields.
• Tubing has been supplied for fuel element cladding, rocket thrust chambers, and spray bars or nozzles for A/C engines.

INCONEL ALLOY 702

• A high aluminum, low titanium modification of Inconel Alloy X-750 nickel-chromium-iron alloy.
• Creep rupture strength at 1500°F for 1000 hr. is 10,000 psi.
• Offers excellent oxidation resistance at temperatures to 2400°F.
• Recommended for applications in the high temperature range where stresses are relatively low.
• Has been used successfully in high-temperature furnaces, for fuel element and heat exchanger tubing in nuclear reactors, and in aircraft and missiles.

ALLOY 718

• One of the distinguishing features of this alloy's composition is the addition of columbium to permit age hardening of this nickel-chromium-iron-molybdenum alloy.
• It is thus set apart from popular nickel-chromium alloy series that are age-hardened through the use of aluminum and titanium.
• It has good ductility at 1200°F-1400°F and mechanical properties including 1300°F.
• Slow aging response permits heating and cooling during annealing without danger of cracking.
• Fracture toughness tests (with forms other than tubing) at temperatures from -320°F to 1000°F indicate excellent values.
• Very satisfactory welds are obtained using inert-arc techniques and problems associated with welding of age-hardenable alloys are eliminated.
• Applications include aircraft heat exchangers, flexible hose and bellows.

INONEL ALLOY X-750

• High strength, corrosion resistance, and resistance to oxidation at elevated temperatures (1200-1500°F).
• Creep rupture strength at 1500°F for 1000 hr. is 18,000 psi.
• Unusually strong at both ordinary and high temperatures and in the solution treated and aged condition.
• Used for highly stressed tubular parts in corrosive and oxidizing atmospheres, including braces in jet engine afterburners, temperature probes, O-rings, bellows, sheaths for thermocouples, torque tube assemblies, and rocket coolant tubes.

ALLOY 800

• A nickel-chromium-iron alloy with good resistance to oxidation; retains its strength at elevated temperatures, has good workability and welding properties.
• Superior to Inconel Alloy 600 in resistance to sulfur, green rot, and molten cyanide salts, comparable in resistance to oxidation and fused neutral salts.
• Used for Calrod units, furnace muffles, and heat exchangers.

DURANICKEL ALOY 301 (Duranickel)

• A wrought, age hardenable, nickel-aluminum alloy with excellent resistance to corrosion, coupled with greater strength and hardness than nickel offers at both room and elevated temperatures
• Used for valves, pumps and heat exchangers handling sulfuric acid sludges and other sulfuric acid solutions and other chemical applications where corrosion resistance is required.

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COPPER ALLOYS

30% Cupronickel

• This nickel-copper (30%-70%) alloy was primarily developed to resist cavitation by steam and air mixtures in condensers.
• It is highly resistant to many types of atmospheres and alkalies.
• Has the tensile strength of 70-30 brass and is easily fabricated. Used for economical fine-wire connectors, electrical contacts, fishing rod ferules and guides, and gas chromatography columns.

Beryllium Copper

• This cold-drawn material contains 1.80-2.00% beryllium, plus nickel or cobalt or both, .20% min.
• Its greatest advantage is that it can be formed while in the annealed condition and, after heat treatment, develops high strength and hardness (C34-42).
• Has a high strength-to-electrical-conductivity ratio, excellent spring stability, resistance to fatigue, wear and corrosion resistance.
• Used for Bourdon tubes, electrical connectors, computer card sorting rolls.

Berylco 33-25*

• A free-machining beryllium copper alloy that retains all the physical and mechanical properties of beryllium copper, including fabricability, exceptional stability as a spring material, plus excellent resistance to fatigue, wear, and corrosion.
• Where machining time is an important factor, Berylco 33-25 offers a decided advantage over other beryllium copper alloys.
• Should reduce machining time by 40% or more.

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REACTIVE AND REFRACTORY METAL ALLOYS

Unalloyed Titanium A-40 Tubing

• The outstanding advantages of light weight and very good corrosion resistance make this reactive metal ideal for industrial heat exchangers.

Titanium Alloy 3AI-2.5V

• A high strength titanium alloy exhibiting excellent ductility and cold workability.
• Useful where strength-to-weight ratio is important.
• Numerous applications in the aerospace industry.

Titanium Alloy 6AI-4V

• A high strength titanium alloy of high alpha-lean beta composition.
• High strength-to-weight ratio, excellent corrosion resistance, good fatigue properties, and superior fracture toughness.
• Readily machinable and weldable.
• Particularly useful in applications such as structural material in aircraft/aerospace industry.
• High resistance to seawater corrosion.

Columbium and Columbium Alloys

• These refractory materials are used in high temperature structural applications in the missile/aerospace industry, as well as for nuclear fuel element cladding purposes.
• The 1% Zirconium-Columbium alloy is available.

Tantalum and Tantalum Alloys

• High melting point and corrosion resistance.
• Iideal for thermocouple protection tubing use.
• Also excellent for handling chemical compounds of chlorine, chlorides, hydrochloric and nitric acids.
• Tantalum alloy tubing is produced on a development basis.

Molybdenum and Molybdenum Alloys

• Produced on a development basis in a restricted range of sizes and lengths.

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OTHER ALLOYS

WASPALOY*

• Offers the best creep rupture strength of all Super Alloys that can be readily fabricated into tubing.
• Can be heat-treated to obtain high strength requirements.
• Excellent corrosion resistance up to 1600°F against gaseous atmospheres encountered in jet engine operation and similar service applications.
• Resistance to oxidation is very satisfactory through 1600°F in intermittent service; continuous service temperatures to 1900°F can be sustained.
• Applications include gas turbine engines and missile systems, jet engine fuel nozzles, and afterburner spray bars.
• Also for other services requiring oxidation resistance at temperatures given above.

ALLOY L-605

• Offers unusually good corrosion resistance to most agents at ordinary temperatures.
• Resistance to oxidation is good for intermittent service to 1600°F and continuous service to 2000°F.
• Creep rupture strength at 1500°F for 1000 hr. is 18,000 psi.
• Excellent resistance to the hot corrosive atmospheres encountered in jet engine operation.
• Resistance to salt spray corrosion is good.
• Typical applications are turbine blades, combustion chambers, afterburner parts, and turbine rings.
• Also temperature probes, thermocouple protection tubes, and instrument parts and transfer lines in the chemical and petrochemical field.

ALLOY 188

• Cobalt-base Super Alloy; has 1000-hour stress rupture strength at 1200°F at 25,000 psi minimum stress in combination with resistance to progressive scaling (oxidation) and other types of corrosion.
• Readily cold worked to increase strength and hardness, can be welded by most conventional methods.
• Potential uses include high temperature instrumentation such as thermocouple sheaths, gas turbine and jet engine parts, and nuclear components.

ALLOY C-276

• Excellent corrosion resistance, especially to ferric chloride and cupric chloride.
• Also to wet chlorine gas and hypochlorite and chlorine dioxide solutions.
• Has excellent high temperature strength.
• Resistant to oxidizing and reducing atmospheres to 2000°F.
• Primarily used where exceptional corrosion resistance and high temperature strength are required.
• Typical are the outer sheath for electric tubular heating elements, thermocouple rakes, probes, photographic processing equipment, and lubricating lines for chemical equipment.

ALLOY HX

• Excellent high-temperature strength with oxidation resistance to 2200°F.
• Creep rupture strength at 1500°F for 1000 hr. is 10,000 psi.
• Unusual resistance to oxidizing, reducing and neutral atmospheres.
• Easily formed and welded.
• Used in the chemical industry because of its corrosion resistance and high strength and for jet aircraft and missile parts and components.
• Also for fuel elements in nuclear reactors, thermocouples, metal spray nozzle sleeves, sheathing for ceramic-insulated thermocouples and electric heating elements.

80-20 ALLOY

• Combines high thermal and mechanical properties with electrical resistance to an unexcelled degree.
• Withstands temperatures to 2100°F for long periods.
• Highly resistant to corrosion.
• Nonmagnetic.
• Used for jet engine igniter plugs, thermocouples, instrument parts, special condensers, heat exchangers, and resistance heaters.

30% CUPRONICKEL

• Outstanding for service where corrosion and erosion are encountered.
• Higher hardness, tensile and yield strength, and ductility than the 10% alloy offers.
• Retains much of its short-time strength and ductility up to about 700°F.
• Strength and ductility increase with falling temperature to about -320°F.
• Widely used in applications requiring exceptional corrosion resistance.

NI-SPAN C ALLOY 902 (Ni-Span C)

• Heat treatable; designed primarily to obtain a constant modulus of elasticity in a useful temperature range of -50°F to 150°F.
• Outstanding elastic modulus control and high strength combined with low drift in mechanical hysteresis.
• Offers corrosion resistance superior to that of nonstainless alloy steel.
• Excellent for Bourdon springs, instrument bellows, and magnetostriction devices.
• Also used in pressure sensing elements of transducers, potentiometers, accelerometers and gyroscopes.

Nickel-Iron Alloy

• Fundamentally suited for structural parts.
• Strong, tough, ductile. Useful degree of corrosion resistance.
• Magnetic at temperatures below their curie points and nonmagnetic above them.
• Cannot be hardened by heat treatment, but can be strengthened by cold working.

36% Nickel-Iron Alloy

• Used for bimetallic or composite tubing in thermostatic controls, thermometers, surveying and astronomical instruments.
• Also air-conditioning-control instruments, strain gages, and lines transporting liquid gas.

42% Nickel-Iron Alloy

• For sealing to soft glass. It has proved useful as a thermostatic metal for higher temperatures.
• It has been employed extensively in the construction of vacuum tubes, lamps, terminal caps, capacitor parts, and electronically controlled switches.

52% Nickel-Iron Alloy

• Has approximately the same coefficient of expansion as several commercial glasses as well as the forsterite type ceramics.
• It is also one of the popular alloys for sensitive magnetic applications and for thermostatic work. Its high magnetic permeability at both low and high flux densities is a valuable property.

#4 Alloy

• Nickel-chromium-iron.
• Expansion coefficient ideal for certain soft glasses.
• Widely used as an internal seal.
• Thermal electrical resistivity is somewhat high, and current-carrying capacity is limited.
• Provides a vacuum tight and strainfree seal.

Alloy 29-17 (Kovar)

• A nickel-cobalt vacuum melted flow expansion alloy used for making hermetic seals with harder Pyrex glasses and ceramic materials.
• It has found use in electronic applications such as diodes and integrated circuits.

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PRINCIPAL STAINLESS STEEL TUBING PRODUCTS

Capillary Tubing

• Types 304, 316, 321, 347 and 446 stainless. (Also 1010 carbon steel; Nickel-2000; Monel-400; and Alloy-600.)
• ODs from .030 to .187 in., IDs from .004 in.
• Has extremely clean and smooth ID.
• Good fabricability.
• Ductile.
• High ID uniformity.
• Coil lengths up to 3000 ft.

Super Pressure Tubing

• For pressures to 100,000 psi.
• Normally produced from Types 304, 316, and 347 tubing.
• Also available in 4130 alloy steel.
• Two types: single wall or composite wall.
• Hydrostatically tested to 60,000 psi when required by customer.
• Sized from 1/8 to 3/4 in. OD.

Large OD, Light Wall Tubing.

• Types 304, 321 stainless steel.
• Sizes to 2 in. OD, wall thicknesses .025 in. and lighter.
• This thin-wall tubing is specified for demanding applications where severe forming is required, as in flexible hose, bellows, etc.

Aircraft Hydraulic Tubing

• Made in Types 304, 321, 347 Alloy to rigid MILT and AMS specifications.
• Guaranteed smooth and clean internal and external surfaces.
• Furnished with certified test reports.
• Available in both seamless and WELDRAWN forms in sizes from 3/16 to 1 1/8 in. OD.
• Every length clearly marked with our name, specification, analysis, heat number and size.
• Types 21Cr-6Ni-9Mn and 3AI-2.5 Titanium alloys are also available for Aircraft Hydraulic Tubing Application.

Aircraft Heat Exchanger Tubing

• Types 304, 304L, 310, 316, 316L, 321 and 347 stainless.
• Meets all commercial and military specifications.
• Completely quality controlled with wall uniformity paramount.
• Extra close tolerances.
• Precision surface inspected.
• Offers desirable brazing and welding qualities.
• Size range: 1/8 in. OD x .003 in. wall min. to 1/4 in. OD x .016 in. wall max.

Bellows/Flexible Hose Tubing

• Excellent ductility to withstand severe fabrication and repeated flexing for convoluting grades.
• Resistance to corrosion and high temperatures.
• Freedom from carburization, dents and pick-ups.
• Uniform wall thickness and temper.
• Smooth surfaces to enhance fatigue life.
• Usually specified in Types 316, 321 and 347 stainless, but also produced in Monel Alloy 400, Alloy 600, Nickel 200, and Inconel Alloy X-750.
• ODs, 3/8 to 1 1/8 in., wall thickness, .005 to .025 in.
• Also made in composites of 2,3 or more plies of thin-wall tubing.

Needle Tubing.

• Stainless steel Type 304.
• Widely used for mechanical applications.
• Offered in gages from 6 through 33 (see table).
• Usually supplied in lengths of 2 to 12 ft.

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PRINCIPAL NICKEL ALLOY TUBING PRODUCTS

Bourdon Tubing

• Ni-Span C Alloy 902, Monel Alloy K-500 and Inconel Alloy X-750 are the most commonly specified for Bourdon tubes.
• Superior offers these grades in ODs from 1/8 through 1 1/8 in. with walls to .125 in. maximum; above 5/8 in., maximum wall is .035 in.

Thermocouple Protection Tubing

• Generally specified in Alloy-600, Monel Alloy 400, 30% Cupronickel, Nickel-200, and alloy C-276.
• Sizes most commonly used fall within the range of 1/8 to 1/2 in. OD with wall thicknesses.

Super Alloy Tubing

• Alloys HX, 188 C-276, L-605, 625, 702, 718, X-750, A-286, and Waspaloy are the nickel alloys generally classified by the industry as "Super Alloys".

Tubine for Cryogenics

• 36% Nickel-Iron Alloy minimizes the problem of thermal expansion and contraction in lines handling liquid nitrogen
• Nickel 200 and Monel Alloy 400 are very effective in handling liquid fluorine
• Alloy 600, Inconel Alloy X-750, Monel Alloy K-500 and other high-nickel alloys offer excellent properties at low temperatures.

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ALLOY TUBING BY REQUEST

Titanium Alloy 15-3

• A beta titanium alloy exhibiting a strength-to-weight ratio 20% higher than the standard alloy, cold-worked stress-relieved 3AI-2.5V titanium alloy.
• The present elongations are comparable.
• This beta alloy is also much less notch sensitive than 3AI-2.5V titanium alloy.
• Possible aerospace applications such as aircraft hydraulic line and engine tubing.
• The alloy's strength may be increased up to 50% by a simple age hardening treatment following fabrication.

Alloy 29-4C

• A high purity ferritic stainless steel having excellent pitting and crevice corrosion resistance in high chloride environments such as seawater.
• It generally has superior crevice corrosion resistance to other commercially available stainless steels and represents a balance between corrosion resistance and economy.

Alloy 690

• A solid solutioned strengthened nickel base alloy having excellent corrosion resistance to a broad range of environments, both at ambient and elevated temperatures.

Alloy 2205

• A duplex stainless having a fine grained microstructure consisting of about 50% austenite in a ferrite matrix.
• This easily welded alloy has seen application in environments where resistance to general corrosion and chloride stress corrosion is important.
• The alloy is superior to 316 and 317 in many situations and has double the yield strength of 304.

Inconel 617

• A nickel-chromium-cobalt-moly alloy exhibiting excellent high temperature strength and oxidation resistance.
• Developed for use in aircraft engines, thermocouple protection tubes and heater tubes.

Incoloy 825

• A nickel-iron-chromium alloy containing molybdenum and copper to make it very resistant to reducing environments such as sulfuric or phosphoric acid.
• It is also resistant to chloride stress corrosion.

1524 Steel

• A high strength low alloy containing high manganese.
• Useful for high pressure diesel fuel injection systems.

5% Cr Steel

• A low carbon 5% chromium/.50% molybdenum steel useful for heat exchanger tubing.

9260 Steel

• A high carbon steel containing 1.00% manganese and 2.00% silicon.
• It possesses properties of toughness and fatigue resistance.
• The analysis also points to an economical alloy.

Ferralium

• A dual phase ferritic-austenitic stainless steel which combines high mechanical strength and ductility with outstanding corrosion resistance, especially to reducing acids.
• It is similar to our other dual phase alloy 2205.

29-17 (Kovar)

• A nickel-cobalt vacuum melted flow expansion alloy used for making hermetic seals with harder pyrex glasses and ceramic materials.
• It has found use in electronic applications such as diodes and integrated circuits.

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